Carbureter.



C. A. MAINO & P. PELLEGRINI.

CARBURETER. v APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1914. l,1 57,1 16. PatentedOct. 19, 1915.

2 $HEETS-SHEET l- [ave/x1315;

C. A. MAINO & P. PELLEGRINI.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I4, 1914.

1,157,116. Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. MAINO AND PHILLIP PELLEGRINI, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA,ASSIGNORS TO UNITED STATES CARBURETOR COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELES,CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

CARIBURETER.

In the usual form of automobile or motortruck a light liquid isordinarily used as fuel, this light liquid being gasolene or a lighthydrocarbon mixture of similar volatile nature. Owing to the largenumber ofsuch vehicles now in use the price for such a light liquidishigh audit is desirable to provide a carbureter which will utilizeheavier fuels, such as kerosene, engine distillate, or similar lowpriced fuels.

The principal object of our invention is to provide a carbureter whichmay enable such heavy liquid to be utilized in an internal combustionengine. There, have been developed from time to time various schemes forusing such a heavy liquid'but in all of them it is necessary to supplythe carbureter with a light liquid for starting purposes and under someconditions for running purposes.

Another objectof our invention is to provide means whereby both a lightand a heavy liquid may be carried and vaporized,

and whereby the vapors thereof may be mixed in suitable proportion toprovide a su table explosive mixture under all conditions. For example,when it is desired to start the engine cold a mixture rich in g'asolenemust necessarily be used.

It is also necessary in a carbureter of this nature to provide means foradjusting the quantity of air admitted to suit the conditions underwhich the internal combustion engine operates. A further object of ourinvention is to provide means for making this initial adjustment in thecarbureter itself.

In burning some sorts of cheap and heavy fuel much better results areobtained if a portion of the hot exhaust gases are used to heat thevapor from such heavy liquid before it is burned in the cylinders of theen- Specification of Letters Patent.

gine. A further object of our invention is to provide means whereby thisheating of the vapor from the heavy liquid may be accomplished.

Further objects and advantages will be evident from the followingspecification.

In the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only: Figure 1, isa side elevation, partly in section, of a portion of an automo- -bileequipped with our'invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation; Fig. 3 is anend elevation,

Patented Oct. 19, 1915. Application filed April 14, 1914. Serial N 0.831,839. a

and Fig. 1 is a plan of our invention. Fig.

5 isa vertical elevation through the center of our invention. Fig. 6 isa section on the line w a0 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a section ontheline af-mof Fig. 5. Figs. 8 and 9 are enlargedsections of a portion of ourinvention.

Our invention consists broadly of a twin carbureter having separatereservoirs and vaporizing means forlight and heavy liquid. Thesecarbureters are provided with air inlet openings 10 and 11 in which themixture is produced being drawn upwardly therethrough by means of thesuction of the engine, the manifold of which is secured to the flange 12at the upper end of the carbureter. A flap valve 13 may be adjusted toregulate the relative proportion of mixture which is drawn upwardlythrough each of the openings 10 and 11. A throttle valve 14 is providedfor regulating the total amount of mixture so used.

More specifically our invention consists of a body'mem'ber 15 in which'are formed a light liquid chamber 16 and a heavy liquid chamber 17,these chambers surrounding the openings 10 and 11. A supply of lightdistillate is brought from a source not shown by means of a pipe 18 anda supply of heavy liquid by means of apipe 19. These pipes are securedto nipples 20 formed on the body member 15 through which there areopenings 21 which communicate with valve chambers 22. These valvechambers are in ply of liquid in the chambers falls below apredetermined amount. Whenever a float 27 strikes a yoke 25 a valve 24is lifted and a suflicient supply of liquid is admitted to the chamberto raise the float to its predetermined position, the valveautomatically closing whenever this is accomplished.

Placed in each of the openings 10 and 11 is a spray nozzle 28, thesespray nozzles being in open communication with the chambers 16 and 17through passages 29. Fastened in the upper end of the spray nozzle 28 isa plug 30 which has an opening 31 extending entirely therethrough and aseries of small openings 32 around its periphery, the openings 31. and32 being in open communication with the liquid in the body of the spraynozzle 28. As the air is drawn upwardly through the openings 10 and 11the liquid is drawn upwardly through these openings and mixes with theair to form a gas. For the purpose of regulating the amount of liquid sotaken conical seat valves 33 are so placed as to close the openings 31being carried by arms 34 on rods 35 which extend downwardly throughbearings 36 and 37 formed on the body member 15. Bars 38 are secured tothe bottom end of the rods 35, these bars being normally pressed down bymeans of springs 39 which act against the bottom of the spray nozzles28. The openings 31 are therefore normally closed by the valves 33. Insuch a position sufficient liquid is supplied through the openings 32 torun the engine without load, this being common practice on automobileand similar engines.

For the purpose of increasing the fuel supply wiping earns 40 secured ona shaft 41 are provided, the shaft 41 being turned by means of a lever42 through a rod 43 which extends upwardly and is connected to athrottle lever 44. This throttle lever may be actuated to rotate theshaft 41 and lift the valves 33 from their seat as will be readilyunderstood from an inspection of the drawmgs.

openings 10 and 11 converge and connect with a single opening whichextends upwardly to the manifold of the engine. At their juncture theflap valve 13 is placed, this valve being mounted on a shaft 45 whichextends through the body of the carbureter and carries a flap valvelever 46. This lever may be actuated to turn the flap valve to admiteither a mixture of air and light liquid, or a mixture of air and heavyliquid, or a combination mixture of both light and heavyliquids withair, depending on position. The shaft 45 is mounted in the cover 47 Achamber 48 is formed about the extension of the opening 11 and theexhaust from the engine may be connected by means of a A cover 47,attached to the body 15, is provided through which the upper ends of thenipple 49 to this chamber 48. When so connected a portion of the exhaustgases from the engine passes through this chamber and out through anopening 50 in the opposite side thereof, thereby heating the wholecarbureter somewhat and heating the heavy vapor partly.

In the upper end of the cover 47 an auxiliary air intake cylinder 51 isprovided. This cylinder is formed with perforations 52 and has inside itthree valves 53, 54, and 55. The valves 53, 54, and 55 are also providedwith perforations which register with the perforations 52, and these'valves are provided with adjusting screws 56 by means of which they maybe turned and secured so as to more or less completely close theopenings 52. The suction from the engine not only draws air upwardlythrough the openings 10 and 11 thereby forming gases with the assistanceof the spray nozzles 28, but in addition it draws an auxiliary supply ofair inwardly through the perforations 52, the amount of air so drawnbeing regulated bymeans 0 the valves 53, 54, and 55.

The valves 53, 54, and 55 are initially adjusted to suit-the conditionsunder which the carbureter has to operate. These conditions will changeunder different conditions of load upon the engine and it is desirablein addition to quickly vary the amount of air passing through theseauxiliary air inlets to suit the conditionsunder which the engine isrunning. For this purpose a valve 57 is provided, this valve beingplaced inside the valves 53, 54, and 55 and having openings 58 thereinwhich are adapted to register with the openings 52 in the cover 47. Thevalves 53, 54, 55, and 57 are held in place by a ring 58 secured by ascrew 59.

For the purpose of actuating the valve 57 a stem 60 extends through aslot 61 in the side of the cover 47 and is engaged by a fork 62 on alever 63 which is secured to a shaft 64 to'which the throttle lever 44is also secured. The throttle lever 44 is actuated by means of a rod 65ivoted at 66 and universally mounted at 6 on the end of a throttle lever68. This lever is secured to a tube which extends upwardly through thesteering column 69 of the throttle handle 70 on top of the steeringwheel 71, this being standard practice'in automobiles. The valve '14 isalso rigidly secured to the shaft 64.

by means of a handle 73 projecting through will thus be seen that thiscarbureter gives asimultaneous control of the auxiliary air inlet andgasolene valves 33 and the valves 14 in combination with control meansfor regulating the position of the butterflyv valve 13.

In the annexed claims we have designated the chamber above the opening10 as the light liquid mixing chamber, and the chamber above the opening11 as the heavy liquid mixing chamber, the spray nozzles 28 projectinginto these chambers and injecting fluid to produce therein explosivemixtures of air and fuel vapor.

We claim as our invention:

1. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said'heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as toproduce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosivemixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branchesof said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting With the intake manifold of the engine, and aflap valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches toregulate the proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openingsinto the long opening.

2. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting'chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a-manner as toproduce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive,mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, 'one of the short branchesof said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, wallsforming a heating chamber in said branch of the Y-shaped opening whichcommunicates with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber, means forpassing hot exhaust vapors through said heating chamber, and a flapvalve placed at thejunction of the long and short branches to regulatethe proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into thelong opening.

3. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said heavy liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to producetherein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spraynozzle for 1ne'cting a light liquid into said light liquid carburetingchamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture ofair and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having .aninverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branches of saidY-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber,the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavyliquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y- shaped openingconnecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a throttle valve forregulating the total amount of mixture passing from the long branch intothe carbureter, Walls forming a heating chamber in said cover about thebranch of the. Y-shaped opening which communicates With the heavy liquidcarbureting chamber, means for passing hot-exhaust vapors through saidheating chamber, and a flap valve placed at the junction ofthe long andshort branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from each ofthe short openings into the long opening.

4. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as toproduce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosivemixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short'branchesof said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamber, the other short branch of the Y,-shaped opening connecting withthe' heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Yshaped opening connecting with the intake manifold'of the engine, athrottle valve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing fromthe long branch into the carbureter,

cover about the into the long opening.

5. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, alightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavyliquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as toproduce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosivemixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branchesof said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamher, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shapedopening connecting. with the intake manifold of the engine, a throttlevalve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from the longbranch into the carbureter, walls forming a heating chamber in saidcover about the branch of the Y-shaped opening which communicates withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber,-

means for passing hot exhaust vapors through said heating chamber, meansfor simultaneously regulating said throttle valve and jet means, and'aflap valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches toregulate the roportion of vapor passing from each of t e, short openingsinto the' long opening.

6. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting-chamber, a lightliquid'carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as toproduce therein anexplosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosivemixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted Y-shaped openin therein, one of the short branchesofsaid %(-shap'ed opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shapedopening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a flap valveplaced at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate theproportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into thelong opening, and auxiliary air intake means for admitting andregulating a supply of air to the long branch of the Y above said flapvalve.

7. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as toproduce therein an explosive-mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosivemixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branchesof said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shapedopening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a flap valveplaced at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate theproportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into thelong opening, auxiliary air intake means for admitting and regulating asupply of air to the long branch of the Y above said butterfly valve,and means for simultaneously regulating said flap valve and said airintake means.

8. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as toproduce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosivemixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted sY-shaped opening therein, one of the short branchesof said Y-shaped' opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shapedopening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a throttlevalve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from 'the longbranch into the carbureter, a flap'valve placed at the junction of thelong and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from'eachof the short openings into the long opening, auxiliary air intakemeans for regulating -a supply of air admitted to the long branch of theY-shaped opening above the flap valve, and means for simultaneouslyregulating said throttle valve and said auxiliary air intake means.

9. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquidinto said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as toproduce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, aspray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosivemixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambershaving an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branchesof said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carburetingchamher, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting withthe heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shapedopening connecting With the intake manifold of the engine, a throttlevalve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from the longbranch into the carbureter, a flap valve placed at the junction of thelong and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing fromeach of the short openings into the long opening, auxiliary airintakemeans for regulating a supply of air admitted to the long branchof the Y-shaped opening above the flap valve, and means forsimultaneously regulating said throttle valve, said flap val 'e, andsaid auxiliary air intake means.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands at Los Angeles,California, this 6th day of January, 1914.

CHARLES A. MAINO. v PHILLIP PELLEGRINI. In presence of FRED A.MANSFIELD, FERD W. HAND].

